Whether you’re interacting with colleagues, clients, friends, family members, or strangers, conversations are the building blocks of relationships. To become a great conversationalist in both work and non-work settings, use the TALK framework: Topic, Asking, Levity, and Kindness. Here’s how.

Start by preparing topics. Think ahead about two or three things your conversation partner might enjoy discussing. Once you’re talking, don’t linger too long on any one subject—switch topics if you notice your counterpart’s energy dipping or interest fading. 

Ask more questions—especially follow-ups. No one likes to be talked at. Being inquisitive shows you’re listening and encourages deeper sharing. Practice by challenging yourself to ask a follow-up every time you speak. 

Infuse levity to counter boredom and disengagement. This doesn’t mean you need to tell jokes; compliments, smiling, or switching to lighter topics can create connection and boost engagement, especially in professional settings.

Finally, lead with kindness. Good conversations aren’t about being the smartest or most interesting person in the room—they’re about making others feel heard and valued. Show you’re listening by paraphrasing what others say or validating their perspective before responding.
This tip is adapted from the HBR IdeaCast episode, “The Keys to Great Conversation,” featuring Alison Wood Brooks in conversation with HBR’s Alison Beard.
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